| 翻訳と辞書 |
| Composition for Tithes (Ireland) Act 1823 ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Composition for Tithes (Ireland) Act 1823
The Composition for Tithes Act of 1823, also known as the Tithe Composition Act, was an act of the British Parliament requiring all citizens of Ireland to pay monetary tithes to support the Anglican Church in Ireland, instead of a percentage of agricultural yield.〔Brown, Stewart Jay (2001). ''The National Churches of England, Ireland, and Scotland, 1801-1846.'' Oxford University Press. p. 107. ISBN 0-19-924235-6〕 The act also allowed for those who paid a large tithe to be able to negotiate the composition of the tithes for their parish; that is to decide on what monetary basis the tithes would be based, so that the tithes would be reasonable in comparison to income for the tithe-payers and sufficient for the subsistence of the parishes.〔Goulburn, Henry (1823). (''Irish Tithes Composition and Commutation Bills, debate.'' ) Hansard〕 It was thought by some members of Parliament to be a conciliatory measure that would reduce the oppressive nature of the then current tithe system.〔
== Controversy ==
Controversy rose up quickly, even in Parliament itself. Some Members of Parliament felt that the Irish clergy were already grossly overpaid when compared to clergy in England.〔Taylor, Michael (1823). (''Irish Tithes Composition Bill, debate.'' ) Hansard〕 Catholics and Dissenters did not feel that the Composition Act reduced the oppression of the tithe system, in light of the fact that the six million Catholics in Ireland were still forced to pay the tithes for churches they did not attend or use.〔Cowherd, R.G. (1954). "The Politics of English Dissent, 1832-1848" in ''Church History, vol. 23, no. 2''(June 1954). p. 138.〕 They saw this as persecution by the English Anglicans towards people who were not members of the established Church.
It also seemed to critics that the Act did nothing to reform the problems in the Irish clergy – that they were often absent from their parishes and that they held enormous wealth. A change in the composition of tithes would have had no effect on the level of clergymens' wealth.〔Jebb, John (1824). ("A speech delivered in the House of Peers, Thursday June 10, 1824..." ) in Hume Tracts. p. 9.〕 While the Irish clergy and their supporters refuted these claims, popular opinion seemed to overshadow their arguments. Specifically, non-resident clergy were resident elsewhere and thus could not be considered absentee. In support of the clergy's point of view, however, their income had also diminished due to a reduction in tithe-rates.〔Jebb, John (1824). ("A speech delivered in the House of Peers, Thursday June 10, 1824..." ) in Hume Tracts. pp. 11, 28.〕 In this way, the Act would have helped the clergy, as currency was much more versatile in helping the church than raw goods.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「Composition for Tithes (Ireland) Act 1823」の詳細全文を読む
スポンサード リンク
| 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース |
Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.
|
|